The Aeneid:
(/ᵻˈniːɪd/; Latin: Aeneis [ae̯ˈneːɪs])
is a Latin epic poem,
written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC,[1]that
tells the legendary story of Aeneas,
a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he
became the ancestor of the Romans.
It comprises 9,896 lines in dactylic hexameter.[2] The first six of the poem's twelve
books tell the story of Aeneas's wanderings from Troy to Italy, and the poem's
second half tells of the Trojans' ultimately victorious war upon the Latins,
under whose name Aeneas and his Trojan followers are destined to be subsumed.
The hero Aeneas was already known to Greco-Roman legend and myth, having been a
character in the Iliad. Virgil took the disconnected tales of
Aeneas's wanderings, his vague association with the foundation of Rome and a personage of no fixed
characteristics other than a scrupulous pietas,
and fashioned this into a compelling founding myth or national epic that at once tied Rome to the legends
of Troy, explained the Punic Wars,
glorified traditional Roman virtues, and legitimized the Julio-Claudian dynasty as descendants of the founders,
heroes, and gods of Rome and Troy.
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Publius Vergilius Maro:
(Classical
Latin: [ˈpuː.blɪ.ʊs wɛrˈɡɪ.lɪ.ʊs ˈma.roː]; traditional dates October 15, 70 BC – September 21, 19 BC[1]),
usually called Virgil or Vergil /ˈvɜːrdʒᵻl/ in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan
period. He is known for three major works of Latin literature, the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics, and the epic Aeneid. A number of minor poems,
Virgil is traditionally ranked as one of
Rome's greatest poets. His Aeneid has been considered the national epic of ancient Rome from the time of its
composition to the present day. Modeled after Homer's Iliad and Odyssey,
the Aeneid follows the Trojan refugee Aeneas as he struggles to fulfill his destiny
and arrive on the shores of Italy—in Roman mythology the founding act of Rome. Virgil's
work has had wide and deep influence on Western literature, most notably Dante's Divine Comedy,
in which Virgil appears as Dante's guide through hell and purgatory.
Poseidon:
(/pəˈsaɪdən, pɒ-, poʊ-/;[1] Greek: Ποσειδῶν, pronounced [pose͜edɔ́͜ɔn]) was one of the twelve Olympian deities of the pantheon in Greek mythology.
His main domain was the ocean, and he is called
the "God of the Sea". Additionally, he is referred to as
"Earth-Shaker"[2] due to his role in causing earthquakes,
and has been called the "tamer of horses".[3] He is usually depicted as an older
male with curly hair and a beard.
The name of the sea-god Nethuns in Etruscan was
adopted in Latin for Neptune in Roman mythology;
both were sea gods analogous to Poseidon. Linear B tablets show that Poseidon was venerated
at Pylos and Thebes in pre-Olympian Bronze Age
Greece as a chief
deity, but he was integrated into the Olympian gods as the brother of Zeus and Hades.[3]According
to some folklore, he was saved by his mother Rhea, who concealed him among a
flock of lambs and pretended to have given birth to a colt, which was devoured
by Cronus.[4]
There is a Homeric hymn to Poseidon, who was the protector of
many Hellenic cities, although he lost the contest for Athens to Athena.
According to the references from Plato in his dialogues Timaeus and Critias,
the island of Atlantis was the chosen domain of Poseidon.
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